Liliaceae

A. stamineum Boiss., Diagn. ser. 2(4):119 (1859). Syn: ?A.fasiigiatum Cand. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 44:142 (1897);A. effusum Boiss. in sched. Ic: Rech. fil., Fl. Iranica 76:63, t. 6 f. 88 & t. 17 f. 1 (1971);Plitm. et al., Pict. FL Israel 237 (1983).
Bulh ovoid, c. 0.75-1.5 cm diam.; outer tunics blackish or ash-grey, membranous, torn into strips. Stem 10-35 cm, flexuous, usually stout. Leaves 3-4, filiform, 0.5-1 mm broad, often as long as stem, glabrous. Valves of spathe unequal, persistent, lanceolate at base, contracted above into a slender appendage, much longer than umbel. Umbel 3-5(-7) cm diam., usually many-flowered, lax, effuse. Pedicels very unequal, several times longer than perianth. Perianth shortly hemispherical-campanulate; segments purplish-pink, 3.5-5 mm, outer oblong, rounded at apex, inner narrowly ovate, obtuse. Filaments 1.25-1.5 x as long as perianth. Anthers yellow. Ovary subglobose or globose, sessile. Capsule globose-trigonous, 3 mm, depressed. 2n=16. FL 6-7. Edges ofPinus woods, very dry steep rock faces, dry stony slopes, fallow fields, 80-1600 m.
Syntypes: [Greece] in Laconia, Heldreich 202 (G); [Turkey C2 Muğla] Caria [nr Genidje (Yenice)], 1843, Pinard (G!); [Bl Izmir] Lydia prope Smyrnam, Boissier (GD); [C5] Cilicia, Balansa 813; [Syria] Syria, Kotschy 234; [Lebanon] Libano, Kotschy; ibid., Gaillardot; [Palestine] Palaestina, Boissier; [N. Iran] prov. Ghilan Persiae borealis, Aucher 5387 (all G),
Mainly Turkey-in-Europe, W. Anatolia, Islands. A 1(E) Kirklareli: Dereköy to Demirköy, N. & E. Özhatay (lSTE 35945)! A2(E) Istanbul: Halkali, Azn.! C2 Muğla: Milas to Ören, 42 km from Muğla, 90 m, D. 35039! Denizli: 7 km N. of Denizli, 29 v 1935, Reese! Antalya: nr Elmali, Bourgeau. C3 lsparta: d. Eğridir, Anamas, Zinden Magara, 1600 m, Koyuncu (AEF 5611)! C8Diyar-bakir: Mardin to Diyarbakir, 610 m, Tuzlaci & Saraçoğlu (lSTE 42148)! Is: Bozca, Göztepe, 80 m, Seçmen & Leblebici 1677; Lesvos, Rech. 5501! Simi, mt. Vigla, 300 m, Rech. 8484; Rodhos, mt. Profeta Elias, 600 m, Rech. 7151.
N. Greece, W. Syria, Iraq, Iran. E. Medit. element? The most common Allium species in the Mediterranean territories of Palestine, where it occurs mainly in hatha on terra rossa and is characterised by a stout, flexuous stem, glabrous leaves, lax, effuse umbel and purplish-pink perianth.
Many records of A. stamineum from Turkey do not fit the typical appearance of the species and thus are doubtful, probably referring to several other common and closely related taxa, e.g. A. armenum, A. huber-morathii, A. flav-um subsp.tauricum or A. pictistamineum.