Orchidaceae

Orchis simia

Orchis L. Orchis simia LAM. Ömür: Çok yıllık Yapı: ot Hayat formu: İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 4 Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 5 Habitat: çimenli tepeler, çalılık, kalkerli topraklar Minimum yükseklik: 0 Maksimum yükseklik: 1200 Endemik: - Element: Akdeniz Türkiye dağılımı: Dış Anadolu Genel dağılımı: B. ve O. Avrupa, Akdeniz Ülkeleri, Kafkasya, K. Irak, K., KB. ve B. İran Bulunduğu kareler:A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 B1 B2 B8 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C8 C9

O. simia Lam., Fl. F. ed. 1, 3:507 (1779). Syn: O. tephrosanthos Vill., Hist. PI. Dauph. 2:32 (1787); O. simia Lam. var. laxiflora Boiss., Fl. Or. 5:63 (1882)! Ic: Reichb. fil., Ic. Fl. Germ. 13/14: t. 21 (1850); Renz in Rech. fil., FL Iranica 126: t. 39 & 40 (1978). Map 93.   Similar to O. stevenii and O. militaris, but smaller and more slender. Spike ovoid to conical, terminal flowers opening first. Sepals longer acuminate, hood ash-grey outside with rose dots or veins. Labellum c. 15-20 mm, centre whitish-rose with minute purplish papillae, deeply segmented near base into linear lateral lobes, middle lobe ligulate, divided into 2 diverging linear lobules, with prominent tooth in between; all lobules darker purple towards apex, ± curled upwards. Spur cylindrical, c. half as long as ovary. Fl. 4-5. Grassy hillsides, scrub, on calcareous soils, s.1,-1200 m.   Described from France (holo. P-Lam., photo!).   Scattered mainly in Outer Anatolia. A1(E) Tekirdağ: Edirne to Lalapaşa, N. & E. Özhatay (ISTE 27592)! A1(A) Çanakkale: Dumbrek valley nr Truva, Sint. 1883:131! A2(A) Kocaeli: nr Gebze, E. Heilbronn (ISTF 12719)! A3 Sakarya: Sapanca G., Demiriz (ISTF 18819)! A4 Zonguldak: Kastamonu to Araç, Tobey 1920! A5 Kastamonu: Taşköprü, nr Sekiköyü, T. Baytop (ISTE 11321)! A6 Samsun: Pontus nr Samsun.Tchihatcheff! A7 Trabzon: c. 10km S. of Maçka, 350 m, Sunderm. et al. 71.81! Bl Izmir: Bornova.O. Schwarz. B2 Denizli: 4 km from road junction nr Buldan to Alaşehir, 500 m, Taub. 76.725! B8 Siirt: 18 km W. of Baykan, 650 m, Taub. 78.258.1! Cl Muğla: Kazikliköyü nr Milas, E. Sezik (ISTE 8724)! C2 Denizli: Honaz Da., Karatekke-köyü, 700 m, E. Tuzlaci (ISTE 20979)! C3 Antalya: nr Antalya, 21 iv 1860, Bourgeau! C4 Içel: Gülnar to Gilindere, 700 m, D. 26025! C5 Içel: Aladağ village c. 28 km N.W. of Mersin, Bal. 1855:130 (lectotype of var. laxiflora)l C6 Maraş: c. 35 km from Andirin to Maraş, 600 m,Taub. 78.165! C8 Mardin: c. 10 km N.W. of Mardin, 950 m, Taub. 78.246.1! C9 Siirt: c. 36 km S.E. of Siirt towards Şirnak, 700 m, Renz & Taub. 80.137! Is: Lesvos, Cand.; Samos, mt. Ambelos, Goulandris & Goulimis 1968:202; Rodhos (Kalteisen & Willing, op. cit., I981:map 45).   W. & C. Europe, Mediterranean area, Caucasia, N. Iraq, N., N.W. & W. Iran. Medit. element? Closely related to O. stevenii and O. militaris but differing by its slender habit with ovoid inflorescence and narrow labellum segments. A very typical peculiarity of this species is the behaviour of the inflorescence in which the flowers open from the top downwards.