Orchidaceae

D. osmanica (Kl.) So6, Nom. Nov. Gen. Dactylorhiza, Budapest 4 (1962). Plants 20-60(-80) cm. Stem solid or hollow, leafy. Leaves (4-)5-8(-10), broadly lanceolate or lanceolate, (8-)10-15(-18) x 2-4(-5) cm, sometimes folded. Spike cylindrical, dense, 8-20(-30) cm. Bracts lanceolate, lower exceeding the purplish, rarely creamy-white flowers. Sepals and petals ovate-lanceolate, subobtuse; sepals 9-12 x 4-5 mm, petals slightly shorter. Labellum mostly entire, sometimes subentire, suborbicular, 7-10(-12) x 9-12(-15) mm,with darker coloured interrupted loops and spots. Spur conical-acute, shorter than ovary, 5-8(-l 1) mm, 3-4 mm broad at base.
1. Plants 20-60 cm; stem solid (small plants) or slightly hollow, with 4-6 usually ± flat leaves; spike(5-)8-12 cm, dense; flowers purplish or rose-purplish, rarely white var. osmanica
1. Plants stout, very large, 60-100(-120) cm; stem hollow, with 8-10 usually . folded leaves; spike (12-)15-24(-30) cm, very dense; flowers dark purplish, sometimes creamy-white var. anatolica
var. osmanica. Syn: Orchis incarnata auct. non L. (1755); O. incarnata L. var. olocheilos Boiss., Fl. Or. 5:71 (1882) p.p.; O. orientalis Kl. subsp. cilidca Kl. in Acta Horti Petrop. 17:187 (1898) p.p.! O. orientalis Kl. subsp. osmanica Kl., op. cit. 188 (1898); O. osmanica (Kl.) Lipsky, FL Kavk. 457 (1899);O. incarnata L. subsp. osmanica (Kl.) E.G. Camus, Monogr. Orchid. 179 (1908); O. cataonica Fleischm.in Ann. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 28:34, f. 6,t.2f. 1 (1914)! O. olocheilos (Boiss.) Soo in Feddes Rep. 24:30 (1927) p.p.! O. cilicica (Kl.) Schlechter in Feddes Rep. Sonderbeih. A, 1:178 (1927) p.p.! O. olocheilos (Boiss.) Soo var. osmanica (Kl.) So6 in Bot. Archiv 23:73(1929); Dactylorhiza cilicica (KL) So6 in Ann. Univ. Sci. Budapest, Biol. 3:340 (1960) p.p.! D. cilicica (Kl.) P.F. Hunt & Summerhayes in Watsonia 6:130 (1965) nom. superfl.! D. cataonica (Fleischm.) Holub in Preslia 36:252 (1964)! D. incarnata (L.) So6 subsp. cilicica (Kl.) Sunderm., Europ. Medit. Orchid, ed. 2:45 (1975) p.p.! Ic: Schlechter, op. cit. t. 17 f. 68 (1927), as O. cilicica; Nieschalk in Philippia 2:232, f. 7, above (1975);Nelson, Monogr. Ikonogr. Dactylorhiza t. 1, t. 81 f. 1-5 (1976). Map 107. Fl. 6-7. Marshy places, wet meadows, forest margins, by streams and springs, 550-2400 m.
Type not indicated.
N., C. & S. Anatolia. A5 Samsun: 8 km from Havza to Vezirköprü, 800 m, Taub. 81.323! A6 Sivas: Şerefiye Y., Suşehri to Zara, 1550 m, Hub.-Mor. 11903! A8 Gümüşane: 23 km N. of Aşkale towards Trabzon, 2390 m, Uotila 19632! B5 Nevşehir: nr Sultanhani, 900 m, Mangold & Taub. 81.80! B6 Maraş: Binboğa Da., 2200 m, D. 20012! B7 Erzincan: Ahmediye nr Erzincan, 2100 m, Renz & Taub. 12092! B8 Erzincan: Erzincan to Aşkale, W. of pass, 2000 m, Renz & Taub. 12100! C4 Konya: Geme forest, S.W. of Hadim, 1750 m, Renz 2947! C5 Adana: mt. Kassan Oghlu, nr Gûrümze, 1300 m, Kotschy 1859:22! C6 Hatay: Sogukoluk to Karlik Tepe, 1000 m, Hub.-Mor. 11899! C7 Adıyaman: Ak Da. between Kahta and Malatya, 2400 m, Hand.-Mazz. 2367 (type of O. cataonica)!
Endemic. Ir.-Tur. element?